Family Law - relating to divorce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Family Law - relating to divorce - Essay Example A division of the High Court, the Family division, also has the jurisdiction of hearing and determining family law cases, including divorce (Strong, DeVault & Cohen, 2011). Divorce should not be confused with marriage annulment, which refers to a legal declaration that a marriage is null and void. A legal process for divorce involves a wide range of issues including child custody, alimony or spousal support, division of debt and distribution of property (Manning & Cohen, 2012). This essay aims at studying the current law governing divorce in England and Wales as well as outlining the various reforms that have taken place to improve the law over the years. Types of divorce in England and Wales There are seven types of divorce cases recognized by the law in England and Wales. These are contested divorce, uncontested divorce, collaborative divorce, summary divorce, mediated divorce, at fault divorce and no fault divorce (Rapoport, 2005). Contested divorce refers to a case where the coup les fail to agree on one or more issues, which are the subject of the divorce such as child custody and division of family assets and liabilities. Contested divorce often takes a longer time and is very costly, as the couple has to hire lawyers to help in the process and the outcome if determined by the hearing judge. Uncontested divorce on the other hand occurs where both parties are able to agree on the issues around the divorce involving children, support and sharing of property. The couple will then present their agreement to the courts for approval, upon which the courts will grant a divorce. Uncontested divorce cases account for about 70% of all divorce cases in the UK and the litigation process often takes a much shorter time (Rapoport, 2005). At fault divorce is one that involves a partner proving to the courts that one of them committed an act that is incompatible with their marital union and warrants a divorce. The faults are often referred to as the grounds for divorce. C ommon grounds for divorce in the UK include adultery, desertion, unreasonable behavior, or two years separation with consent among others. No fault divorce on the other hand is one that does not require any proof or allegation of fault from either party. This type of divorce is very popular in the UK, The US and most Western jurisdictions (Cretney, 2005). Collaborative divorce involves couples coming to an agreement on the main issues of divorce. The agreement is usually conducted with the help of lawyers who have been trained in collaborative divorce processes. The lawyers will then be disqualified from representing the couples in contested legal proceedings in court when the collaborative divorce process begins. Mediated divorce involves third party facilitating the discussion between the two parties involved in the divorce. At the closing stages of the mediation, the parties will present their agreement to a court in order to be granted a divorce. Summary divorce is often used in cases where the parties meet specified eligibility requirements or if they agree on the main issues beforehand. Some of the eligibility requirements include a short marriage of less than five years, minimal or no property and no children among others. Family law on divorce in England and Wales The legal provisions of divorce are stipulated in the Marital Causes

Combined statistical area Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Combined statistical area - Essay Example (Source www.policom.com) Combined Statistical Areas in Utah Brigham City Salt Lake City Weber Morgan Summit Utah Metropolitan Statistical Areas Franklin Cache David Salt Lake Tooele Juab Washington Micropolitan Statistical Areas Box Elder Wasatch Uintah Carbon Iron Counties that are Neither Metropolitan or Micropolitan Areas Rich Daggett Duchesne Millard Sanpete Sevier Emery Grand Beaver Piute Wayne Garfield San Juan Kane Part II Economic Concepts: i) Business Clusters: Business clusters can be described as geographic concentrations of the same type of businesses, suppliers, manufacturers etc. Clusters play an important role in increasing a business’s productivity. Cluster development is an important paradigm of economic development that governments should concentrate on along with companies, organizations and institutions. They safeguard all types of businesses ranging from conglomerates to small and medium enterprises and give them a collective direction to compete with exte rnal competition. According to the Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness, business clusters provide an opportunity to reduce overall costs of doing business, encourage privatization and economic stability. In United States, International Cluster Competitiveness Project and Cluster Mapping Projects are undergoing to collect data geographically with primary aim to study â€Å"the linkages and externalities across industries that create business clusters† (1). The article by Mr. James Surowiecki, highlights the merits of the cluster system that are in practice in New York. For example, opening a restaurant on Smith Street has ensured productivity and equal business opportunities for all restaurants that are operating in that particular area. The concept of clustering guarantees a business’s profitability if not success, and it is easier for these restaurants to find and employ suitable work- force. Those who are interested in such type of work automatically approach the cluster that holds the highest number of employment opportunities in their preferred industry. ii) Competition: Competition within the economic or business framework refers to a rival involved in the same type of business. Business owners, whether manufacturers, sellers or buyers, all compete with businesses that offers the same types of products or services. The perfect sort of competition is seen between businesses that are roughly the same size and neither of them can affect the market or prices on their own. Competition can be eliminated or controlled with the help of government regulations such as copyrights, fair-trade laws, patents etc. The article by Mr. James Surowiecki is trying to portray competition within a positive light, and how clusters help in the economic development of businesses that are competing in the same geographical area like restaurants. Where every business would like to be the only one of its kind to enjoy monopoly, many different social and economic problems arise from such a situation. Hence, the article tries to show the merits of competition from the consumer point-of-view. After all, all businesses depend on consumer choice in order to generate profits. iii) Supply: Within the economic framework the term â€Å"supply† can be defined as the essential link between a commodity or â€Å"want† that is offered by consumers and the price charged for it. Supply can also be understood as that commodity or service that